Dudley's Story, continued...
          Dudley, like Sandia, was clearly not vicious. What was his
          problem? The immediate issue was that as soon as I would halter
          him, Dudley would bash me with his head. I'd holler and yell
          and hit back. Dudley would sober up and behave. Then the next
          day he'd bash me again.
          Debbie came to the rescue. The first time Dudley tried to
          whack her with his head, she fluttered her hand at his eye. He
          backed off and acted real polite. This worked for me, too. After
          a few hand flutters, Dudley gave up head bashing for good.
          I brought out Dr. Hanosh to see if any of his behavior problems
          had a physiological cause. The vet pronounced him sound and healthy.
          Next came hoof care. It clearly had been a while since Dudley
          had seen a farrier. His hooves splayed out. Chunks had cracked
          off. However, Philip Johnson agreed with Hanosh that Dudley was
          sound. With just one trimming, he got Dudley's feet into good
          shape for riding.
          Philip pointed out the fact that Dudley's withers had a patch
          of white hair on each side. Dudley's problem was that he had
          "mutton withers," meaning that they were wide and round.
          Most horses have narrow withers. That's what the average saddle
          is desigend to fit. On a horse with mutton withers, an average
          saddle is painful. In his case, a saddle had inflicted injuries
          so bad that they left permanent scars. That's why Dudley had
          often bucked people off. It was self-defense.
          Philip helped us come up with a saddle and padding arrangement
          that made Dudley comfortable.
             
            
              |  Marcie gave me Dudley's old bridle. She said the guy
              who sold it to her had claimed its bit was gentle. Debbie took one look at the bit and declared that it was a
              wreck waiting to happen. True, it looked kind of like a full
              cheek snaffle, the bit that worked so well with Coquetta. However,
              the reins attached to long shanks, and a chain ran under the
              chin. "This bit works on a horse's jaw like a nutcracker,"
              Debbie said. "It can be excruciatingly painful." Probably
              painful enough to drive a horse berserk if someone pulled the
              reins too hard. She recommended a simple snaffle. | 
                  Dudley's old
                bit. | 
          
          I was the first to try to ride him. Within seconds, Dudley
          tried to toss the reins over his head. Western riders hold the
          reins slack most of the time. That makes it easy for a horse
          to toss them. If both reins wind up on the same side of a horse's
          neck, the rider can't do anything but turn him in circles. After
          a few dozen head tosses, I got off him. Time to think it over.
          The western solution is a tiedown. This is a rope or length
          of leather that ties a nosepiece on a bridle to a breast piece.
          It holds the horse's head down so he can't toss the reins. The
          English solution is a martingale. It runs the reins through two
          loops on lines attached to the breast piece. A martingale is
          less restrictive than a tiedown and safer. If a horse trips,
          it is less likely to lose its balance and fall.
          I distrusted tiedowns and didn't have a martingale. I solved
          the problem by riding him while holding the reins English style,
          with a mild snaffle bit and slight tension on the reins, while
          holding them low . That way he couldn't toss the reins. Within
          a few days Dudley quit trying to toss them. Now we could rein
          him Western style again.
          The most important thing was that Dudley never once tried
          to buck any of us off. Now that he had comfortable tack, he had
          no motivation to hurt anyone.
          More --->>